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购彩2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

  • 购彩

    体重突然增加?有可能是因为睡眠不足******

    为什么明明感觉没多吃却胖了?

    为什么辛辛苦苦跑步、跳操、跳绳

    体重却一点没有下降?

    是不是经常问自己

    到底是哪个环节出了错

    体重突然增加?有可能是因为睡眠不足

    现在,请认真回想一下

    最近是不是熬夜了

    是不是手机、电视剧太好看了

    导致你睡得一天比一天晚

    体重突然增加?有可能是因为睡眠不足

    如果是的

    那么,你减肥失败、体重增加

    有可能是因为睡眠不足

      为什么睡得少会长胖?

      睡眠不足会降低基础代谢。研究显示,如果熬夜一整晚不睡,第二天的基础代谢会下降5%,进食后的代谢率会降低20%,从而导致代谢消耗量减少。长时间睡眠不足还会使身体出现疲劳乏力、精神萎靡等症状,久而久之会影响到胰岛素的分泌,也会抑制脂肪的分解,从而出现身体发胖的现象。

      睡眠不足影响激素分泌。北京大学人民医院(呼吸)睡眠医学科主任医师董霄松表示,睡眠不足皮质醇就会继续保持较高的分泌水平,这种分泌异常可能会导致暴饮暴食。还有研究发现睡眠不足导致超重与肥胖的发生,可能与瘦素、胃饥饿素之间的平衡被打破有关。睡眠时间不足会降低血清瘦素水平、升高胃饥饿素水平,增加饥饿感及食欲,增加胆固醇、饱和脂肪酸的摄入量。

      睡眠不足会让人的食欲增加。数据显示,睡眠不足的人,每天吃的食物总热量要比那些睡眠充足的人高出22%!这可能是因为睡眠不足,会减弱大脑额叶的活动,进而会减弱我们的自控力,受食物的干扰会更加明显,也就更容易暴饮暴食。

    体重突然增加?有可能是因为睡眠不足

    图源:摄图网

      长期睡眠不足对身体有什么影响?

      内分泌紊乱。睡眠时间是分泌很多重要激素的黄金时间,如甲状腺激素、性激素、褪黑素等。

      甲状腺激素水平过低,会导致皮肤变得干燥粗糙,影响体温调节,导致黏液性水肿等。性激素分泌不足,会让肌肤状态变差,女性卵巢囊肿、子宫内膜异位、子宫肌瘤、乳腺增生等妇科疾病的风险也会增加。褪黑素是身体抗氧化的重要激素,如果褪黑素无法分泌,可能会导致人体早衰。

      阻碍人体代谢。晚上9点至凌晨1点是人体免疫系统最关键的时间,在睡眠状态下,吞噬细胞会主动吞噬坏死组织,进行新陈代谢,将坏死的组织、代谢产物排出体外。如果这段时间没有良好的睡眠状态,就会影响自身代谢。

      降低免疫力、损害大脑。睡眠不足会降低白细胞吞噬能力,导致身体免疫细胞发生异常。免疫系统无法正常工作,身体就无法对细菌、病毒、癌细胞等进行抵抗,让疾病趁虚而入。同时,睡眠不足也会损伤人体认知功能,使人健忘、精神恍惚、注意力难以集中,对学习工作效率有非常大的危害。

      怎样才能拥有高质量睡眠?

      每个人的最佳睡眠时间不同,有的人睡觉6小时,一天都可以精力充沛。有的人必须睡满8小时,不然就无精打采。找到适合自己的最佳睡眠时间,每天按照习惯入睡,有利于提升睡眠质量。

    体重突然增加?有可能是因为睡眠不足

    图源:沧州市人民医院资讯号

      晚上不宜大量吸烟饮酒。研究发现,成人饮酒与睡眠时间减少存在相互作用,增加了血糖异常的风险。吸烟的人,特别是在夜间吸烟的人,睡眠潜伏期更长,觉醒次数更多,睡眠质量更差,睡眠时间更短。建议不吸烟、限制饮酒,特别是在将要睡觉的时候,以获得健康的睡眠和最佳的代谢调节。

      睡觉前2个小时不宜进食。因为在进食后,会引起胃部的血液循环增加,其他组织器官也会受到影响。特别是会刺激大脑,使得大脑出现兴奋症状,导致不能很快进入睡眠状态。

      营造良好的睡眠环境。入睡时,卧室的温度和湿度要适当。卧室还要保持良好的卫生清洁状况,保证空气流通顺畅。夜晚要保持安静,拉上窗帘,使用舒服的助眠用品,缓解焦虑和压力。舒心的睡眠环境,有助于深度睡眠。

      固定睡眠时间。每个人都有自己的生物节律,找准自己的生物钟,才能获得高质量睡眠。到底应该几点睡觉没有统一标准,不过,一般建议大家晚上10~11点入睡。可以设置个睡眠闹钟,每天晚上提醒自己“到点啦,该睡觉啦”!

      参考资料:

      睡眠不足不规律,可能真的会让人发胖[N]. 科技日报,2022-08-17(008).

      睡眠不足或增加肥胖风险Nature子刊总结的改善睡眠几大策略[J].科学大观园,2022(22):34-35.

      科普中国、健康时报、萧山疾控、沧州市人民医院资讯号等

      整理:刘雪洁

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